ORTHODONTICS
Order above all - as the saying goes. Why should it be different with our teeth?
Not to be otherwise, indeed! One’s teeth could be as white as snow if they are highly unsettled. Professional orthodontics is the solution!
Orthodontics, maybe one of the oldest independent field known in dentistry. It deals with finding a prevention or cure to the positional disorders of the teeth, alveoli and jaw shape. In prevention the goal is to ensure normal development of the teeth, removing any obstacles. By ensuring that the teeth provide their original functions (chewing), and aesthetically situated in the mouth. Cure is the restoration of abnormalities emerged.
The orthodontic treatment of the above objectives are trying to be achieved by the following methods:
- Different muscle exercises - Preventive orthodontics – Using orthodontic devices - braces and surgery in combination
An unordered set of teeth is capable of defacing even the sweetest look. Most patients find orthodontic necessary for esthetic reasons, but the dentist knows that to create or restore the proper function of teeth is just as important.
The teeth abnormalities show a close relationship to other diseases of the teeth such as tooth decay or gum disease. The closely situated (jammed) teeth are likely to develop caries, because such teeth are much more difficult to clean. Preventing the caries to spread, fillings can be placed in the teeth but again, due to their closeness it is relatively easy to notice new cavities in a short period of time.
At irregularly situated teeth loosening can be a frequently occurring problem. During chewing the pressure of compressive force is not parallel to the tooth’s vertical axis but in other directions, which can primarily cause inflammation of the gums, secondarily a “gingival sac”. can be formed,and the periodontal bone undergoes ultimate destruction and the teeth get loose.
An unordered set of teeth can also cause psychiatric disorders, because those who have such teeth often suffer from serious personality disorder.
What disorders require orthodontic treatment?
Inheritance acquired lesions
Parents inherite teeth size and shape. In a narrower dental arch larger teeth does not fit in. Undeveloped teeth can cause problems just like the extra teeth. If in the embryo a tooth’s dental bud/germ doesn’t develop,that certain tooth will be missing from the dental arch. An example for this is the lack of wisdom teeth, which does not require any orthodontic treatment. As an opposite example when you will surely need orthodontics, for example when a canine tooth germ is missing. The wisdom teeth (such as extra teeth) often do not have enough space in the jaw, so as they develop to create enough space they are forced to push forward the entire set of teeth . Also tooth germ related and will require orthodontic treatment if the tooth is deformed due to unusual tooth germ formation, position. In many cases there is a gap between the two upper incisors. This may be a hereditary disorder.
Overlap (vertical overbite) is an inherited disorder as well. We speak about vertical overbite when the edges of the upper incisor teeth reach 3 mm - or even more than that – under the bottom edges of the incisor teeth. Prognathia - projecting face (relatively the upper jaw is pushed over the lower jaw), progenia - the lower jaw is relatively pushed to the front compared to the upper jaw.
At very low numbers of the population (1-2 per thousand) hereditary disorders of the lips and cleft-palate occure. Surgical, dental, ear, nose and throat, and speech therapy specialists assist in their treatments, which is a complex process requiring serious planning means
Other acquired abnormalities
During infancy it is important that the child is breast-fed, which promotes growth and strenghtening of the mandible. Later on the consistency of food also has a great importance, if possible it shall urge the child to chew. The so-called “open occlusal relation” occurs when the teeth are in a closed position but still shows an existing gap between the incisor teeth due to thumb sucking.
Using an inadequate (too high or too low) pillow during sleeping, may cause swallowing disorders, which can cause deviations from the normal teeth. In many cases orthodontic treatment becomes necessary because of difficulty in nasal breathing. The premature removal of deciduous teeth can cause the congestion of the permanent teeth, in such a way that the neighbouring teeth will be trying to fill the resulting gap by occupying the place of the removed deciduous tooth and not leaving any free space for the errupting permanent tooth. The space problem is solved using the maintenance apparatus. Boys more likely to have accidents, in which the teeth can suffer damage. Orthodontics is the solution to restore to original or near to original state the deformities of such accidents. It is very rare that the embryo in the womb is exposed to such harm which result in abnormal teeth that will require the assistance of orthodontics in future.
Importance of diagnostic methods in the field of orthodontics
Angle's classification is the generally accepted diagnostic system in orthodontics. This system uses the mandible and the maxilla relative to one another's position as the benchmark, namely the upper and lower teeth number 6 meet at basis. Angle classification system of deviations is quite complex, and requires significant knowledge from the dentist. The patient must undergo a thorough examination prior the orthodontic treatment - the teeth impression should be prepared and by using this and other evaluation procedures will decide on the final Angle's classification. After all this when a complete and accurate treatment plan can be made.
This is how an orthodontic diagnosis is made, which is essential for the success of orthodontic treatment being carried out. The help of a full X-ray is important in finding abnormalities and beyond, even the effectiveness of the treatment can also be followed. On full X-ray images by ,, drawing,'' the planning of normal measuring planes and points can be indicated and respresented. This planning is a fully computerised digital process .
When is it recommended to start orthodontic treatment and how long will it take?
The best is to start when the jaws are still growing, as the teeth, jawbones and growth disorders in particular are the consequences of disparities in development. The bones abilty to restructure remain for a lifetime, this is why in adults good results can be achieved as well by the increasingly sophisticated methods of orthodontic treatments. But then a very fine alignment of forces may be applied, allowing a longer treatment time.
So orthodontic treatments in adults can replace the lack of attention of childhood orthodontics. The lifetime of teeth is extended when the teeth are regular and nicely in order. Open occlusal relationship worth of using orthodontic treatment at the child's age of 2-6 to change it. Cross-bite occlusion require treatment around 6-12 years of age when they are both milk and permanent teeth in the mouth. At this age about any other differences can be handled with good results. Crossing the age of 12, there are only permanent teeth and their disorders are mainly require fixed orthodontic appliances, and if necessary, surgical help needs to be applied as well. It is crucial to notice the differences in time.
How long does an orthodontic treatment take ?
The orthodontic treatment involves the whole remodeling of the jaw, which can take several years. A shorter time is sufficient for the disorder if we recognize in childhood and the necessary treatment can begin in time. However, a less advanced children may respond differently to the treatment than a completely healthy patient, so the duration and success of treatment might depend on individual factors. The type of apparatus used can greatly affect the duration of the treatment. The patient's cooperation is an important criteria because a much shorter time is needed for successful treatment when the patient properly wear a removable appliance, and has not failed to appear on the check-ups.
Removable orthodontic device
Their use require a longer duration treatment time, since there are not constantly in the mouth. Least of 12-14 hours of use per day is sufficient which can be managed by using in the afternoon, evening or night. They can be used on the upper and lower jaws separately or simultaneously. The removable dental devices can not be used at all disorders. Usually removable devices are adviced to use between 10-15 years of age.
Maxillary compression treatment by expansion screw handling equipment
The maxillary compression means that there is no sufficient space for the teeth. Therefore, congestion develops in the teeth. During the mixed dentition period (milk teeth and permanent teeth combined presence) treatment, a built-in expander screw can be used. The screw can create the force necessary to move the teeth.
The maxillary compression possible causes:
- Inherited conditions
- Disorders of bone development
- Shedding baby teeth early
- errupting wisdom teeth
Treatment may involve removal of teeth as well. The orthodontic diagnosis and treatment plan is prepared by the dentist who will decide which ones will be removed. The management of the maxillary compression can be continued during permanent dentition, but this time using a fixed appliance.
The fixed device names for the components and their functions
- Band (ring) or tube
- Bracket
- Ligature
- arc
The tubes are glued, mostly on the molars. In order to do this the place around you wish to use the tubes must be prepared. Special separator rings placed on the teeth, which are just in a few days manage to create enough space for us to glue the tube on the tooth. Through the locks the necessary force can be transferred to move a tooth and will provide space for the fixation of the orthodontic arc. The locks can be made of porcelain or other aesthetic material (plastic, sapphire) may be metal. The elastic ligatures are to fix the arc into the lock. The arc can be made of different materials, different cross-section may be different strength. The arches are connected by the locks. Orthodontics can be performed by using microimplants, which are used as fixed points of attachment. The orthodontic devices are fixated to these and the teeth are moved to their direction. As the treatment is complete, the implants are removed.
Invisible Orthodontics (STb device lingualtechnic)
Invisible orthodontics has gained international recognition in the past10 years. Of course, it is only word “invisible”, the device fits into the mouth so it will not be shown to the outside observer. Awareness and popularity is still growing steadily. More and more technical solution are available and developed to the extent that almost all defects can be treated with invisible orthodontic products.
The device has two main groups:
First group contains devices are glued to the lingual side of teeth. Within this multi-device and method of treatment are known. In our clinic we use one of the newest and best STb device where there is no need for a separate laboratory (mostly foreign) preparation. In our clinic we perform the laboratory programming. The regular check-ups are required in every 4-5 weeks.
The other group includes the removable devices that are also invisible and are very comfortable too.
A brief summary of the process of orthodontia
When you are first visiting our clinic, the need for orthodontic treatment will be decided and we will gladly document your personal expectations and desires. We provide information of potential solutions. For the preparation of your orthodontic treatment plan X-rays and impressions of the teeth will be made . So the orthodontic dentist can get an accurate picture of the mandible and the teeth on the current state and further development opportunities, available space and maneuverability of the teeth. Based on the above steps your personal treatment is determined, we will help you choosing the type of device to use and inform you how the using of the product might bring inconvenience. We will inform you about the expected duration of treatment. If you agree with the conditions then you can start the treatment, which will provide you a regular curved teeth. Before putting the braces on the teeth ,decayed teeth must go under restorative treatments. A good oral hygiene is extremely important if you wear an orthodontic appliance. This is understandable, since a few extra things got into your mouth apart from the teeth that needs to be cleaned. You will get accurate information on cleaning and the proper use of your orthodontic device.
Check-ups must be regular in order to monitor the process of orthodontia. New X-rays and impressions might be made from time to time. At these you may not see improvement , but it's not so. We wish to assure everyone that the result will be perfect!
Once the teeth have reached the desired state, the device (fixed braces) is removed . The fact that the teeth are able to move back to their pre-treatment place, or even to a worse state, so the patient must use a retainer. More regular check-ups are required. When this part is behind us, then we can say: the treatment has ended. Many people think that orthodontic treatment can be carried out successfully only in the case of children or young people. But fortunately, they are wrong! Perfect results can be achieved over the fifty as well. Orthodontics do not belong to one of the least expensive dental procedures. Our partner, Ltd. MediCredit access to favorable credit is available to our patients.